Nosebleeds

hellonotarealdr
Jun 11
2 min read

Updated: Jun 22

Nosebleeds can be concerning, but don't worry! They are rare in people that aren't used to them, and often clear up with only minor first-aid needed. Nosebleeds are caused by the tiny blood vessels (capillaries*) in the nose being ruptured. This can happen for a variety of reasons, including sneezing, blowing or picking your nose, being hit on the nose, and anti-clotting medication*.

Stretch!

Around 90% of nosebleeds come from Little’s area (Kiesselbach’s plexus), a small area in the front of the nose where several blood vessels meet. This area is close to the surface, so it’s easily damaged by nose-picking, dry air, or minor trauma.

What to do:

Ask the casualty to sit down in a comfortable position, and lean forwards.
- Do not ask them to lean back, because the blood could go down their throat and block their airway.
Ask them to pinch the soft part of their nose near the bridge, to help the blood clots form.
They can stop pinching their nose after 10 minutes. If the bleeding has still not stopped, have them pinch their nose for 10 more minutes.
If the bleeding lasts for longer than 30 minutes, or is very severe, call emergency services.

Summary:

Nosebleeds happen when tiny blood vessels in the nose rupture, often due to nose-picking, sneezing, or injury. They're usually harmless and can be treated with simple first aid like leaning forward and pinching the nose. You should get emergency help if bleeding is too heavy or lasts over 30 minutes.

Glossary:

Capillaries: the tiniest blood vessels in the body. Their walls are only one cell thick, so they are invisible to the naked eye - you need a microscope to see them.

Anti-clotting medication: medicine that means your blood is 'thinner' so it doesn't close wounds properly or quickly. It's used for people whose blood is too 'thick' sometimes.

For Older Learners

Challenge yourself with these questions!

Why might someone on blood-thinning medication experience more frequent or severe nosebleeds?
Explain how pinching the soft part of the nose helps stop a nosebleed in terms of blood clotting.
What more severe problems might a nosebleed (in conjunction with other symptoms) be a sign of?